Melasma, freckles, and dark spots are symptoms of uneven skin tone, known as hyperpigmentation. The phenomenon of hyperpigmentation is very common in people of all ages, not just the elderly. Several factors can cause hyperpigmentation in anyone. They all have their causes. Different prevention and treatment methods should be used to reduce our skin’s ability to cope with these problems.
What is hyperpigmentation?
Caused by abnormalities in the production and transport of skin pigment (melanin) to accumulate in the upper skin layer is uneven in some areas of the skin. Which causes some spots to have a darker skin color than usual? There are different sizes and shapes. It can be divided into melasma, freckles, and dark spots.
Melasma
Looks like blotches, sheets, light brown to dark brown. Spread widely and have an amorphous shape. It can be divided into shallow ceilings and deep ceilings. Difficult to heal. Caused by our skin is exposed to UV rays accumulated for a long time. Internal factors such as stress and hormonal changes are more common in pregnant women and those taking oral contraceptives.
Freckles
It looks like a small round spot that spreads all over the face, especially the cheeks and forehead. It is caused by genetics and can be triggered to darken by sunlight. It is divided into shallow freckles, freckles, and sun freckles.
Dark Spots
Usually occurs after skin inflammation, such as acne scars; these are called post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). When inflammation occurs, the skin cells produce inflammatory chemicals. These substances will stimulate the activity of melanin pigment cells. This causes more skin pigments, thus causing a black mark after inflammation. And when stimulated by sunlight, it will turn darker as well.
How to take care of your skin from uneven skin tone
Apply sunscreen regularly
It is one of the easiest ways to prevent blemishes, freckles, and dark spots. It can be noticed that sunlight is an important stimulus that makes melasma, freckles, and dark spots have a darker color by choosing a sunscreen with SPF 50 and PA+++ or higher.
Doing treatment
Laser is a highly effective method and can better deal with deep blemishes and freckles. Along with chemical peel or skin peeling, allow the top layer of skin cells to peel off and reveal newer, more even skin. But they are often expensive and can cause side effects from laser treatments.
Use a whitening cream.
There are many high-quality whitening agents available on the market. It may not be effective against medications or laser treatments, but it can reduce the appearance of uneven skin tone. To reduce the accumulation of skin pigment to fade. And can be purchased by yourself. Some of the most well-known ingredients in skin lightening are Hydroquinone, Arbutin, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B3. The advantage is that they are cheap and have fewer side effects.
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